Stream: wasmtime

Topic: Pass string to and return string back from WASM function

Tim Park (Mar 03 2022 at 23:30):

Is there an example or gist anywhere of how to pass a string parameter to and then return a string back from a WebAssembly function? The host and the WASM function are both written in Rust.

I'm trying this for the host:

        let func = instance
            .get_typed_func::<(i32, i32), i32, _>(&mut context.store, &request.function_name)?;

        unsafe {
            let message_ptr = request.message.as_ptr() as i32;
            let message_len = request.message.len() as i32;

            let ret_ptr = func.call(&mut context.store, (message_ptr, message_len))?;
            let ret_len = *((ret_ptr + 8) as *const i32) as usize;

            let state = String::from_utf8(Vec::from_raw_parts(
                *((ret_ptr + 0) as *const i32) as *mut _,
                ret_len,
                ret_len,
            ))?;

            ...
        }

and this as the WASM function:

#[no_mangle]
#[export_name = "handle_adjustment_message"]
unsafe extern "C" fn __wit_bindgen_handle_adjustment_message(
    arg0: i32,
    arg1: i32,
) -> i32 {
    let len0 = arg1 as usize;
    let message = String::from_utf8(Vec::from_raw_parts(arg0 as *mut _, len0, len0)).unwrap();

    ... process ..

    let ret_string: String = ...

    let vec3 = (ret_string.into_bytes()).into_boxed_slice();
    let ptr3 = vec3.as_ptr() as i32;
    let len3 = vec3.len() as i32;

    core::mem::forget(vec3);
    let ptr4 = RET_AREA.as_mut_ptr() as i32;
    *((ptr4 + 8) as *mut i32) = len3;
    *((ptr4 + 0) as *mut i32) = ptr3;
    ptr4
}

Dan Gohman (Mar 03 2022 at 23:35):

One way to do it is to write a wit file describing the API, and use wit-bindgen to generate the bindings. It supports string arguments and return values, and generates convenient Rust bindings for host and guest code.

Tim Park (Mar 03 2022 at 23:58):

Thanks @Dan Gohman - so if I have a .wit file that looks like:

handler: function(message: string) -> string

Then I should build the bindings for the host with:

$ wit-bindgen wasmtime --import handler.wit

and the rust WASM function with:

$ wit-bindgen rust-wasm --export handler.wit

Is that right?

If so, the WASM side bindings make sense and are straightforward, but the host side bindings include a reference to wit_bindgen_wasmtime which doesn't seem to exist as a crate?

Dan Gohman (Mar 03 2022 at 23:59):

wit_bindgen_wasmtime is in the wit-bindgen repo

Dan Gohman (Mar 04 2022 at 00:00):

It's not published on crates.io just yet.

Tim Park (Mar 04 2022 at 00:16):

Ah I see its in wit-bindgen/crates/wasmtime - ok, thanks.

Sorry - hopefully final question - is there any example that uses the generated host module/struct bindings? (In particular, confused on what to pass the get_state parameter of the new function.)

Dan Gohman (Mar 04 2022 at 00:25):

I don't know that offhand. I'll look into it and let you know

Tim Park (Mar 04 2022 at 16:00):

Thanks @Dan Gohman for all of your help - I think I have figured out most everything. The remaining issue I seem to be down to is figuring out why my WASM modules doesn't expose canonical_abi_free and canonical_abi_realloc.

Also for future readers @Radu Matei has an example repo here https://github.com/radu-matei/wasm-components-example

Tim Park (Mar 04 2022 at 21:01):

... and answer to getting canonical_abi_free and canonical_abi_realloc exposed is to use the wit_bindgen_rust::export! macro ...

Last updated: Dec 23 2024 at 13:07 UTC